Geotechnical Planning for Slope Stability in Limestone Mining at PT Rahmad Makmur Abadi, Punggulrejo Village, Rengel District, Tuban Regency

Yudho Dwi Galih Cahyono, Alifer Zalfani Ardiansyah, Rinaldhie Guntur Dharmansyah, Avellyn Shinthya Sari, Gilberto Amaral

Abstract


This study focuses on optimal slope-geometry planning in the IUP area of Rahmad Makmur Abadi Ltd, Punggulrejo Village, Rengel District, Tuban Regency, to create a safe working environment and maximize material recovery. Slope stability is evaluated by analyzing the Factor of Safety (FoS ≥ 1.2) using the finite element method based on the Hoek–Brown failure criterion, as well as the Probability of Slope Failure (PF ≤ 10%) using Rosenblueth’s Point Estimate Method under the weakest slope conditions (saturated, with minimum UCS value), in accordance with KEPMEN ESDM No. 1827/K/30/MEM/2018. Through iterative geometric modeling (trial and error), the study produced recommendations for a single slope geometry (bench height of 20 m, width of 6 m, at a 90° inclination). It divided the overall slope into two blocks: Block 1 (bench height of 8 m, width of 4 m, at an 85° inclination with 9 benches, with the lowest bench at 7 m) and Block 2 (bench height of 8 m, width of 5 m, at an 85° inclination with 8 benches, with the lowest bench at 6 m). Rock mass quality analysis using Rock Mass Rating (RMR = 78) and Geological Strength Index (GSI = 73), along with Uniaxial Compressive Strength (UCS > 40 MPa) tests, supports the recommended mining excavation methods—drill & blast for optimizing productivity or the use of a breaker for cost savings.

Keywords


Factor of Safety, Geological Strength Index, Slope Failure Probability, Rock Mass Rating.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31284/j.jemt.2026.v6i2.8713

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