Publication Ethics

1. Publication Ethics and Allegation of Research Misconduct

Jurnal SENOPATI is committed to maintaining high ethical behavior since it understands the importance of ethical values in academic publications. Jurnal SENOPATI follows strict peer-reviewed guidelines to guarantee openness and ethical behavior throughout publishing. In line with the COPE Best Practice Guidelines, this publication ethics statement establishes clear expectations for all stakeholders, including authors, editors, reviewers, and the publisher (Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, Institut Teknologi Adhi Tama Surabaya [LPPM-ITATS]). Jurnal SENOPATI seeks to prevent malpractice and encourage publication ethics among all journal stakeholders by using this ethical policy as a helpful guide.

2. Publisher's Commitment to Ethical Publishing

Establishing a credible and cohesive knowledge network requires the publication of a peer-reviewed article in the Jurnal SENOPATI. It displays the caliber of the author's work as well as the organizations that help them and preserve the scientific method. Establishing unambiguous and uniform ethical guidelines for all stakeholders in the publishing process—authors, editors, peer reviewers, publishers, and societies—is therefore essential. As the publisher of Jurnal SENOPATI, LPPM-ITATS is aware of its ethical and other obligations, as well as its responsibility to supervise the entire publishing process. It is dedicated to making sure that editorial choices are impartial and independent, unaffected by commercial income from reprints, advertising, or other sources. Additionally, the Jurnal SENOPATI Editorial Board and LPPM-ITATS will facilitate communication with other publishers or journals as needed and appropriate.

3. Allegation of Research Misconduct

Research misconduct refers to several actions, including fabrication, falsification, citation manipulation, and plagiarism, that can occur during the production, performance, review, or reporting of research and the writing of articles. It is the responsibility of editors to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the scientific record, particularly when articles that have been published are found to be involved in irregularities. To address any suspicions of misconduct fairly, editors and editorial boards follow the best practices of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), including an investigation of allegations made by individuals with no relevant conflicts of interest. If misconduct is suspected, the corresponding author is contacted to provide a detailed response, and additional review and involvement of experts, such as statistical reviewers, may be sought. When sufficient evidence of misconduct exists, submitted manuscripts are rejected, and published papers may be retracted with a link to the original article. However, for cases where misconduct is unlikely, clarifications, additional analyses, or both, published as letters to the editor, often accompanied by a correction notice and correction to the published article, can suffice. LPPM-ITATS is expected to conduct thorough investigations of allegations of scientific misconduct. It is the critical responsibility of authors, journals, and institutions to guarantee the accuracy of the scientific record. Jurnal SENOPATI journal will continue to fulfill its duties by responding appropriately to concerns about scientific misconduct and taking necessary actions, such as corrections, retractions, and retractions with replacement, to maintain the validity and integrity of the scientific record.

4. Authorship and Contributorship

Authors should ensure that the authorship of their research publications accurately reflects the contributions made by each individual involved in the work and its reporting. Only those who have significantly contributed to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the study should be listed as authors. Others who have made significant contributions must be acknowledged as co-authors. In cases where major contributors are listed as authors, those who have made less substantial or purely technical contributions should be listed in an acknowledgment section. Additionally, authors should confirm that all authors have reviewed and agreed to the final version of the manuscript and their inclusion as co-authors.

5. Complaints and Appeals

The Jurnal SENOPATI journal has a clear procedure in place for handling complaints made against the publication, its publisher, or its editorial team. The nature of the complaint will be fully explained to the person in question. Any problem pertaining to the journal's operational procedures, such as the editorial process, unethical citation practices, biased editors or reviewers, peer-review tampering, and other comparable issues, is covered by the complaints. The COPE's guidelines will be followed when handling complaint cases.

6. Data Access, Retention, and Reproducibility

Authors are strongly encouraged to provide the raw data used in their study to the editorial team during the review process to uphold the integrity and transparency of the research. Authors should be willing to make this data available to the public or retain it for a reasonable period after publication. The authors ensure their data can be reproduced, thus allowing other researchers to verify and build upon their findings.

7. Ethical Oversight

When conducting potentially hazardous research involving chemicals, procedures, equipment, humans, or animals, the author must disclose these hazards in the manuscript to comply with ethical research practices. If necessary, the author must obtain legal and ethical clearance from relevant associations or organizations. For research involving confidential data or business and marketing practices, authors must explain how they will securely protect the data or information.

8. Duties of the Author

8.1 Reporting Standards

Authors must report research accurately and honestly without manipulating or falsifying data. Manuscripts should provide enough detail and references to allow replication of the work. Fraudulent or inaccurate statements are unacceptable; manuscripts should follow the journal's submission guidelines.

8.2 Originality and Plagiarism

Authors must ensure their work is original and not submitted concurrently to multiple publications. Relevant previous work should be appropriately acknowledged and referenced, with citations to the primary literature where possible. Original wording taken directly from other publications should be appropriately cited.

8.3 Multiple, Redundant, or Concurrent Publications

Authors should not submit the same manuscript to more than one journal or publish redundant manuscripts describing the same research in more than one journal. Multiple publications from a single research project should be identified, and the primary publication should be referenced.

8.4 Acknowledgement of Sources

Authors should acknowledge all data sources used in the research and cite publications that influenced the nature of the reported work.

8.5 Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest

Authors must reveal any financial or other significant conflicts of interest that could potentially impact the result or interpretation of their manuscript, and they must disclose all sources of financial support for their research project.

8.6 Fundamental Errors in Published Works

Suppose the author identifies a significant mistake or inexactitude in their submitted manuscript. In that case, they are responsible for informing the journal editor or publisher immediately and working together to retract or correct the paper.   

9. Duties of the Editor

9.1 Decision on Publication

The editor shall decide whether to accept, reject, or request manuscript revisions based on the editorial board's review report. This decision should be guided by the importance and validity of the work, and editors should adhere to the policies of the journal's editorial board and legal requirements related to plagiarism, copyright infringement, and libel. The editor can consult with other editors or reviewers while making the decision. Still, they must be accountable for everything they publish and maintain the quality and integrity of the published record.

9.2 Manuscript Review

The editor should evaluate each manuscript for originality and ensure fair and wise peer review. They should clarify the peer review process in the information for authors and identify the parts of the journal that are peer-reviewed. The editor must choose appropriate peer reviewers with sufficient expertise and no conflicts of interest. For more details on the complete review policy, refer to the journal. Fairness: The editor must ensure that manuscripts are reviewed for their intellectual content, irrespective of the authors' sex, gender, race, religion, or citizenship. Editorial independence and integrity are crucial in making fair and unbiased decisions.

9.3 Confidentiality

The editor must keep information about manuscripts confidential, including potential data protection breaches and patient confidentiality. Proper informed consent for the research presented and published must also be required.

9.4 Disclosure and Conflict of Interest

The editor must not use any unpublished materials disclosed in a submitted manuscript for their research without written consent from the author. Editors must not be involved in decisions about papers in which they have a conflict of interest.

10. Duties of The Reviewer

10.1 Contribution to Editorial Decisions

Reviewers help the editor decide whether to publish or reject a manuscript and may also provide feedback to help authors improve their work.

10.2 Confidentiality

Reviewers should maintain the confidentiality of the manuscript and not share it with others unless authorized by the editor.

10.3 Acknowledgement of Sources

Reviewers should notify the editor of any ethical concerns they have with the work and make sure the authors have correctly cited all of the sources they used. Reviewers should notify the editor right away if they notice any anomalies or possible wrongdoing, but they shouldn't look into it further themselves.

10.4 Objectivity

Reviewers ought to evaluate the work impartially and give the authors frank, helpful criticism. They should steer clear of conflicts of interest and adhere to the journal's guidelines for offering feedback.

10.5 Disclosure and Conflict of Interest

Reviewers should not use any privileged information obtained during the review process for personal gain and should avoid reviewing manuscripts in which they have a conflict of interest. They should inform the editor if they suspect any potential conflict of interest.

10.6 Promptness

Reviewers should respond to the review request on time and inform the editor if they cannot complete the review by the deadline. 

11. Plagiarism Screening Policy

Jurnal SENOPATI has a strict policy against plagiarism and self-plagiarism, and any papers that contain such issues will be promptly investigated and rejected. The Editorial Board of Jurnal SENOPATI is committed to ensuring that all published articles do not exceed a similarity score of 20%. 

AI-Generated Content Policy

AI-Generated Content Policy

Jurnal SENOPATI: Sustainability, Ergonomics, Optimization, and Application of Industrial Engineering recognizes the significant potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and AI-assisted technologies in supporting research activities, data processing, and scholarly writing. At the same time, the journal is committed to preventing inappropriate or irresponsible uses of AI that may compromise academic integrity, research credibility, originality, and publication ethics.

This policy provides guidance for authors regarding the responsible and transparent use of AI and AI-assisted technologies in manuscripts submitted to Jurnal SENOPATI.

Core Principles

Academic integrity, transparency, originality, and author accountability are fundamental principles of Jurnal SENOPATI.

AI tools may assist authors during the preparation of a manuscript, but they must not replace the intellectual contribution, scientific judgment, critical reasoning, or scholarly responsibility of the authors.

Authors remain fully responsible for all content submitted to the journal, including text, data, analyses, figures, references, interpretations, conclusions, and any material generated or assisted by AI tools.

AI tools, including generative AI systems such as ChatGPT and similar technologies, cannot be listed as authors or co-authors, as they cannot assume responsibility for the accuracy, integrity, originality, and ethical accountability required of authors.

Permitted and Prohibited Uses of AI

Jurnal SENOPATI distinguishes between the use of AI as a supporting tool and the use of AI as a substitute for the author's intellectual and scholarly contribution.

1. Permitted Use of AI

AI tools may be used to support the preparation and improvement of manuscripts, provided that authors maintain full control over the scientific content and carefully review and verify all AI-assisted outputs.

Permitted uses include:

• Grammar and language editing:
  AI may be used to identify and correct grammatical errors, spelling mistakes, punctuation, sentence structure, and other language-related issues to improve readability.
• Paraphrasing and sentence restructuring:
  AI may assist authors in improving clarity, coherence, and conciseness. However, AI must not be used to disguise plagiarism or improperly reproduce the work of others. Authors must ensure that the original meaning is preserved and that appropriate citations are provided.
• Title, abstract, and keyword refinement:
  AI may be used to provide suggestions for improving article titles, abstracts, or keywords. The final version must be reviewed, revised, and approved by the authors.
• Translation and language assistance:
  Authors who are not native English speakers may use AI-assisted translation tools. Authors remain responsible for ensuring the accuracy of technical terminology, scientific meaning, and contextual interpretation.
• Data analysis and visualization assistance:
  AI-assisted tools may support data processing, statistical analysis, programming, visualization, or graphical presentation. However, authors must understand, verify, and take full responsibility for the methods applied and the results produced.
• Formatting assistance:
  AI may be used to assist with manuscript formatting, language consistency, tables, or reference formatting, provided that all information is carefully verified by the authors.

2. Prohibited Use of AI

The use of AI that replaces the substantive intellectual role of the authors or has the potential to mislead editors, reviewers, or readers is strictly prohibited.

Prohibited uses include:

• Generating an entire manuscript or substantial portions of a manuscript without meaningful intellectual contribution from the authors.
• Using AI to generate scientific arguments, interpretations, conclusions, or claims without critical evaluation and verification by the authors.
• Automatically generating the methodology, results, or discussion sections without genuine involvement, understanding, and scientific interpretation by the researchers.
• Fabricating, manipulating, or misrepresenting research data, experimental results, images, graphs, tables, or other scientific evidence.
• Generating false, fabricated, unverifiable, or non-existent references and citations.
• Using AI-generated text to conceal plagiarism or reproduce the intellectual work of others without appropriate acknowledgment and citation.
• Submitting AI-generated interpretations or conclusions as if they represent the authors' own scientific reasoning when they have not been independently evaluated and verified.

Any misuse of AI that compromises research integrity may result in manuscript rejection and may be considered a violation of Jurnal SENOPATI's publication ethics.

AI-Generated Content and Manuscript Originality

Jurnal SENOPATI does not consider a numerical AI-detection score alone to constitute sufficient evidence of academic misconduct. AI-detection tools may produce inaccurate or inconsistent results and therefore should not be used as the sole basis for editorial decisions.

The primary considerations in evaluating manuscripts are:

originality, scientific contribution, transparency, accuracy, research integrity, and author accountability.

As an editorial guideline, Jurnal SENOPATI does not encourage manuscripts in which more than 20% of the substantive written content is directly generated by AI without significant intellectual intervention, verification, and revision by the authors.

The 20% threshold should not be interpreted as an automatic acceptance or rejection criterion. A manuscript with a lower percentage may still violate publication ethics if AI is used inappropriately, while legitimate AI-assisted language editing may not constitute substantive AI-generated scientific content.

Authors must remain the primary intellectual contributors and retain full control over the scientific substance of the manuscript.

Disclosure of AI Use

Authors should transparently disclose the use of generative AI or AI-assisted technologies when such tools have contributed substantially to manuscript preparation, data analysis, visualization, programming, translation, or other aspects of the research and writing process.

The disclosure should include:

• the name of the AI tool or software used;
• the version, where applicable;
• the purpose for which the AI tool was used; and
• confirmation that the authors reviewed, verified, and revised the AI-assisted content.

The disclosure may be included in the Methods, Acknowledgments, or a dedicated Declaration of AI Use section, depending on the nature and extent of AI use.

An example of an appropriate disclosure statement is:

Declaration of AI Use: During the preparation of this manuscript, the authors used ChatGPT (OpenAI) for English language editing and grammatical improvement. The authors subsequently reviewed and revised all AI-assisted content and take full responsibility for the accuracy, originality, and integrity of the final manuscript.

Routine tools used solely for basic spelling, grammar checking, or reference management may not require detailed disclosure unless otherwise requested by the Editorial Board.

Author Responsibilities

Authors submitting manuscripts to Jurnal SENOPATI are fully responsible for:

• ensuring the accuracy, originality, reliability, and integrity of all information presented in the manuscript;
• carefully reviewing and verifying all AI-assisted or AI-generated content before submission;
• ensuring that AI-generated information does not introduce factual errors, bias, misleading statements, or unsupported claims;
• verifying the accuracy, relevance, and existence of all references and citations;
• ensuring that AI use does not violate copyright, intellectual property rights, confidentiality, privacy, or research ethics;
• appropriately acknowledging and citing all sources used in the manuscript;
• transparently disclosing substantial use of generative AI or AI-assisted technologies;
• ensuring that all scientific interpretations, arguments, discussions, and conclusions reflect the authors' own critical analysis and scholarly judgment; and
• taking full responsibility for the integrity of the submitted and published work.

Editorial Responsibility

The Editorial Board of Jurnal SENOPATI reserves the right to request clarification from authors regarding the use of AI or AI-assisted technologies when concerns arise during the editorial screening or peer-review process.

Editors and reviewers should evaluate manuscripts primarily on the basis of their scientific quality, originality, methodological rigor, transparency, relevance to the scope of the journal, and compliance with publication ethics.

Where inappropriate AI use, fabricated information, plagiarism, manipulated data, false references, or other violations of publication ethics are identified, Jurnal SENOPATI may take appropriate editorial action, including manuscript rejection, withdrawal, correction, or other measures in accordance with the journal's publication ethics policy.

Policy Updates

This policy will be periodically reviewed and updated in response to developments in Artificial Intelligence technology, research ethics, and best practices in scholarly publishing.

Jurnal SENOPATI is committed to encouraging the responsible use of emerging technologies while maintaining high standards of academic integrity, transparency, originality, accountability, and scientific quality.