Potensi Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) pada hasil pengolahan mesin cacah pilah/Gibrik TPS 3R di wilayah Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

Jauhar Salsabila, Hijrah Purnama Putra, Fajri Mulya Iresha, Yebi Yuriandala

Abstract


Penutupan Tempat Pemrosesan Akhir (TPA) Piyungan, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, menimbulkan kendala pengelolaan sampah residu di Kabupaten Sleman. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi potensi sampah residu mesin cacah pilah (gibrik) sebagai bahan baku Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) berdasarkan komposisi, karakteristik proksimat, dan nilai kalor. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan selama tiga hari menggunakan metode simple random sampling pada tiga TPS 3R, yaitu Brama Muda, Randu Alas, dan Bening. Analisis komposisi mengacu pada SNI 19-3964-1994, sedangkan pengujian proksimat dan nilai kalor menggunakan metode ASTM. Kesesuaian mutu dievaluasi berdasarkan SNI 8966:2021 dan standar RDF beberapa negara sebagai pembanding. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa residu didominasi plastik (91,14%), dengan kadar air 0,53–1,74%, kadar abu 6,19–10,04%, kadar volatil 88,00–93,00%, dan karbon tetap 0,29–0,70%. Nilai kalor mencapai 28,63–29,61 MJ/kg (6.843,31–7.076,05 kkal/kg), setara sekitar 1,29 ton batubara per ton residu. Kadar air, abu, dan nilai kalor memenuhi persyaratan Kelas 1 SNI 8966:2021, sedangkan kadar volatil, karbon tetap, dan kandungan bahan organik tidak memenuhi persyaratan standar tersebut yang ditujukan bagi bahan bakar berbasis biomassa. Sebagian besar parameter berada dalam rentang acuan RDF internasional, kecuali kadar volatil sampel A1 (93,00%) yang melampaui acuan ISTAC Turki (92,00%). Karbon tetap menunjukkan korelasi tertinggi dengan nilai kalor (r = +0,676), tetapi tidak signifikan secara statistik pada enam sampel. Dengan demikian, residu gibrik berpotensi menjadi bahan bakar substitusi industri padat energi, dengan pengujian klorin dan sulfur sebagai persyaratan evaluasi lanjutan.

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31284/j.envitats.2026.v6i2.9595

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