Evaluasi Kinerja dan Kelayakan Finansial Sintesis Asam Salisilat Skala Industri Menggunakan Metode Kolbe-Schmitt

Rindu Alifa Khaila Balqis, Vibianti Dwi Pratiwi, Prasdyandi Yanuar Samramadhan, Safira Luthfia Romadhona, Erlinda Ningsih

Abstract

Salicylic acid (C7H6O3) is a vital aromatic carboxylic acid extensively used in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and chemical intermediate manufacturing. Indonesia currently satisfies its domestic salicylic acid consumption through importation. To mitigate import dependence, stimulate growth of the domestic chemical industry, and optimize national industrial value-added, establishing a commercial-scale salicylic acid production plant is strategic. This preliminary plant design evaluates the synthesis of salicylic acid from phenol using sodium hydroxide via the Kolbe-Schmitt carboxylation route. The core manufacturing sequence comprises three main reaction stages: neutralization in a continuous stirred-tank reactor to form sodium phenolate; direct solid-gas carboxylation with carbon dioxide at 185 °C and 1 atm to yield sodium salicylate; and subsequent acidification with sulfuric acid to precipitate salicylic acid crystals, followed by rotary drying. Based on projected national consumption and export-import dynamics, a production capacity of 60,000 tons/year is established for operation in the Cikande Industrial Estate, Serang Regency, Banten. Economic feasibility analysis reveals a Fixed Capital Investment (FCI) of IDR 903.10 billion, Total Capital Investment (TCI) of IDR 1.062 trillion, and Total Production Cost (TPC) of IDR 2.783 trillion. Financial metrics yield an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 54.91%, Pay Out Time (POT) of 2.30 years, and a Break-Even Point (BEP) of 33.58%, confirming that the proposed plant is technically and economically viable

Kata kunci: Fenol, Kolbe-Schmitt, Natrium Hidroksida, Pra-Perancangan Pabrik, Salicylic Acid

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