Studi Eksperimen Pengaruh Diameter Lubang Dan Rasio Perforasi Terhadap Performa Peredaman Kebisingan Pada Panel Serat Karbon Satu Layer

Abstract

Vehicle noise is a key factor influencing driving comfort, creating a demand for lightweight materials with effective sound insulation properties. This study investigates the effects of hole diameter and perforation ratio on the noise attenuation performance of carbon fibre composite panels. The experimental evaluation employed the Sound Transmission Loss (STL) method in accordance with ISO 10534-2 over a frequency range of 1,000–10,000 Hz. The study examined hole diameters of 5 mm, 10 mm, and 15 mm, while varying the perforation ratio through configurations containing 4, 6, and 8 holes. The incident and transmitted sound pressure data were analysed using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Transfer Function (TF) methods to determine the sound transmission characteristics. The results demonstrate that all specimens achieved greater sound attenuation at medium and high frequencies than at low frequencies. Panels with a 5 mm hole diameter delivered the best overall perforation performance, achieving a maximum STL of approximately 33 dB within the 7,500–9,500 Hz frequency range while maintaining the most stable attenuation characteristics. Regarding the perforation ratio, the four-hole configuration produced the highest performance, with a maximum STL of approximately 35 dB at 4,800 Hz. These findings confirm that both hole diameter and perforation ratio significantly influence the sound attenuation capability of carbon fibre panels, highlighting their potential as lightweight sound-insulating materials for automotive applications.

Keywords: carbon fibre, perforated panel, Sound Transmission Loss, Fast Fourier Transform, Transfer Function.