Optimasi Desain Base Plate Motor Elektrik Menggunakan Metode Optimasi Topologi

Achmad Anggie Ferdiansyah, Ahmad Yusuf Ismail

Abstract

Penelitian ini membahas permasalahan desain baseplate motor elektrik yang kurang ideal, seringkali mengakibatkan peningkatan berat struktur, ketidakstabilitas getaran, dan penurunan efisiensi sistem secara keseluruhan. Meskipun optimasi topologi telah banyak diterapkan pada motor elektrik, masih terdapat kesenjangan dalam penerapannya secara khusus pada baseplate motor elektrik, terutama dalam mempertimbangkan tantangan struktural dan karakteristik material spesifik. Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah merancang metode optimasi topologi untuk menghasilkan desain baseplate yang optimal, mengkaji pengaruh variasi material terhadap bentuk, distribusi material, kekakuan, dan berat struktur, serta menganalisis dampak perubahan ketebalan plat terhadap pola optimasi, kekakuan struktur, dan efisiensi material. Metode yang digunakan meliputi studi literatur, simulasi menggunakan Finite Element Method (FEM) dengan perangkat lunak SolidWorks Simulation, konsultasi, dan analisis sistem kegiatan. Optimasi topologi difokuskan pada pengurangan massa dan peningkatan kekakuan struktur, dengan asumsi material homogen dan isotropik, serta tanpa pengujian eksperimental fisik. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa variasi material dan ketebalan secara signifikan memengaruhi performa mekanik struktur. Stainless steel dengan ketebalan 108 mm memberikan performa terbaik dengan displacement paling rendah dan kemampuan menahan stress tertinggi, sehingga menjadi material paling optimal karena keseimbangan kekuatan, kestabilan, dan efisiensi material. Aluminium menunjukkan displacement yang kecil namun tegangan melebihi yield strength, mengindikasikan perlunya optimasi lebih lanjut. Cast iron mampu menahan pembebanan dengan distribusi tegangan yang baik, tetapi menghasilkan displacement lebih besar dan massa struktur lebih berat karena masa jenisnya yang tinggi. Kesimpulannya, penerapan metode optimasi topologi dengan mempertimbangkan variasi material dan ketebalan dapat menghasilkan desain baseplate yang lebih efisien dari segi massa dan kekakuan, serta memberikan pedoman untuk pemilihan material dan ketebalan dalam proses perancangan.

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