Insentif dalam Perkembangan Panel Surya : Literatur Review

Nurmasitya Kemalaintan, Hilya Mudrika Arini

Abstract

Kebijakan finansial yang diberikan berupa insentif untuk mengurangi biaya ataupun meningkatkan awareness menjadi salah satu pendorong perkembangan panel surya. Pemberian insentif banyak digunakan di berbagai negara dan dipelajari secara terus menerus. Studi ini melakukan tinjauan literatur sistematis untuk menganalisis jenis insentif dan pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penerapannya. Kerangka PRISMA digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi 28 artikel yang relevan dalam insentif panel surya. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa pendekatan dilakukan melalui dua metode yaitu metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Pendekatan kuantitatif menggunakan pemodelan sistem dan analisis biaya yang mengeksplore dampak jangka waktu dan finansial langsung . Sementara pendekatan kualitatif melalui review dan interview yang mengeksplore pengalaman program insentif sebelumnya. Dari pendekatan ini menghasilkan berbagai macam jenis insentif di antaranya Feed In Tariff (FIT), RnD Investment, Net Metering, Tax Incentive, Green Certificate dan Educational Program. Masing masing insentif memberikan dorongan dari segi sisi yang berbeda. Penelitian lanjutan difokuskan pada proses pendekatan interview dari berbagai jenis insentif guna mendalami kefektifan setiap insentif sebelum diterapkan dilapangan. Pemahaman yang lebih komplek terkait penggunaan insentif panel surya sangat penting sebagai upaya mendorong perkembangan panel surya.

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