Kajian Keberadaan Mikroplastik Di Wilayah Perairan: Review

Dinda Resmi Permatasari, Arlini Dyah Radityaningrum

Abstract

Plastik mengalami proses degradasi menjadi mikroplastik (MP) di lingkungan. MP merupakan partikel plastik dengan ukuran diameter kurang dari 5 mm. Saat ini telah ditemukan MP dari berbagai sumber pencemar di lingkungan perairan. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengkaji keberadaan MP ditinjau dari kelimpahan, ukuran, bentuk, dan jenis MP di lingkungan perairan. Wilayah perairan yang dikaji meliputi danau, sungai, estuari, laut, teluk dan selat. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa kelimpahan MP di lingkungan perairan masing-masing adalah sebesar 57.112 partikel/km2 di danau; 3 x 106 partikel/km2 di sungai; 292 partikel/L di estuari; 6.18 x 105 partikel/km2 di laut; 580 partikel/L di teluk; 32,48 x 105 partikel/L di selat. Dominasi ukuran MP di perairan 0,355 mm - 0,999 mm, dan berbentuk fragmen. Jenis polimer MP yang sering ditemukan di lingkungan perairan adalah polyethylene (PE) dan polyprophylene (PP).

Keywords

Bentuk; kelimpahan; mikroplastik; lingkungan perairan; ukuran; jenis polimer

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